Sydenham’s chorea /sīd″ənhamz/ [Thomas Sydenham, English physician, 1624–1689; Gk, choreia, dance] , a form of chorea associated with rheumatic fever, usually occurring during childhood. The cause is unknown but is thought be a streptococcal infection that initiates an autoimmune mechanism. The choreic movements increase over the first 2 weeks, reach a plateau, and then diminish. The child usually recovers within 10 weeks. With undue exertion or emotional strain, the condition may recur. Also called chorea minor, rheumatic chorea. Formerly called Saint Vitus’ dance.
