pelvic cellulitis, bacterial infection of the parametrium, occurring after childbirth or spontaneous or therapeutic abortion. It represents an extension of infection via the blood vessels and lymphatics from a primary wound infection in the external genitalia, perineum, vagina, cervix, or uterus. It is characterized by fever, uterine subinvolution, chills and sweats, abdominal pain that spreads laterally, and, if untreated, the formation of a large abscess and signs of peritonitis. It occurs most commonly between the third and the ninth days after delivery or abortion. Treatment includes an antibiotic, bed rest, IV fluids, and drainage of any abscess that forms. Oxytocics may be given to augment involution.
