Parse, Rosemarie Rizzo, a nursing theorist who, in her Man-Living-Health: A Theory of Nursing (1981), synthesized Martha E. Rogers’ principles and concepts (Science of Unitary Human Beings) and the work of existential phenomenologists. Parse’s view of nursing is based on humanism as opposed to positivism. Her theory addresses the unity of humans’ lived experience, the lived experience of health. She used the term man to express male and female. Man chooses from options and bears responsibility for choices. Parse deduces three principles of Man-Living-Health, each interrelated with three concepts: (1) meaning (ultimate meaning and the meaningful moments of life) with the concepts of imaging, valuing, and languaging; (2) rhythmicity (rhythmic patterns of living) with the concepts of revealing-concealing, enabling-limiting, and connecting-separating; and (3) cotranscendence (reaching out beyond self) with the concepts of powering, originating, and transforming. Parse proposes that nursing is a human science and rejects the traditional view of nursing as an emerging natural science. See also Rogers, Martha E.
