nursing assessment, an identification by a nurse of the needs, preferences, and abilities of a patient. Assessment includes an interview with and observation of a patient by the nurse and considers the symptoms and signs of the condition, the patient’s verbal and nonverbal communication, the patient’s medical and social history, and any other information available. Among the physical aspects assessed are vital signs, skin color and condition, motor and sensory nerve function, nutrition, rest, sleep, activity, elimination, and consciousness. Among the social and emotional factors included in assessment are religion, occupation, attitude toward hospital and health care, mood, emotional tone, and family ties and responsibilities. Assessment is extremely important because it provides the scientific basis for a complete nursing care plan.
