mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) /myo̅o̅′kōpol′ēsak′əridō″ sis/ pl. mucopolysaccharidoses [L, mucus + Gk, polys, many, sakcharon, sugar, osis, condition] , one of a group of genetic disorders characterized by greater than normal accumulations of mucopolysaccharides in the tissues, with other symptoms specific to each type. The disorders are numbered MPS I through MPS VII, and each type has a specific eponym. All types are characterized by pronounced skeletal deformity (especially of the face), cognitive impairment and physical slowing, and decreased life expectancy. The disorders may be detected before birth by testing fetal cells present in amniotic fluid. After birth, diagnosis is established through urine testing, skeletal changes observed on radiographic films, and family history. There is no successful treatment. Kinds include Hunter’s syndrome, Hurler’s syndrome, Morquio’s disease, Sanfilippo’s syndrome, Sly syndrome.
