microphthalmos /mī′krəfthal″məs/ [Gk, mikros + ophthalmos, eye] , a developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal smallness of one or both eyes. When the condition occurs in the absence of other ocular defects, it is called pure microphthalmos or nanophthalmos. Also called microphthalmia. Also spelled microphthalmus. −microphthalmic, adj.