isotretinoin /-trətin″ō·in/ , an antiacne agent. ▪ INDICATIONS: Subject to significant restrictions, it is prescribed for the treatment of severe cystic acne. ▪ CONTRAINDICATIONS: Pregnancy or sensitivity to the medication or any of its components prohibits its use. ▪ ADVERSE EFFECTS: Because this drug is a powerful teratogen, young females must be thoroughly educated about the risk of pregnancy and are often placed on birth control pills. The most serious adverse effects to users are epistaxis, cheilitis, conjunctivitis, paresthesia, dizziness, and serum lipid and hematologic disturbances. It may also lower bone mineral density, a consideration for those participating in sports. Some patients become severely depressed or psychotic, which can make them aggressive or suicidal.
