hepatitis A (HA), a viral hepatitis caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), a picornovirus, characterized by slow onset of signs and symptoms. The virus may be spread through fecally contaminated food or water. The infection most often occurs in young adults and is usually followed by complete recovery. Disease duration is from 15 to 45 days. Relapses 6 to 12 months after the initial diagnosis are seen in 15% of the patients. Prophylaxis with immune globulin is effective in household and sexual contacts. A vaccine for immunization is available. Utilize standard precautions for diapered or incontinent patients. Also called acute infective hepatitis. See also viral hepatitis.
