Chlamydia /kləmid″ē·ə/ [Gk, chlamys, cloak] , 1. a microorganism of the genus Chlamydia. 2. a genus of microorganisms that live as intracellular parasites, have a number of properties in common with gram-negative bacteria, and are currently classified as specialized bacteria. Three species of Chlamydia have been recognized; all are pathogenic to humans. These are Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci), and Chlamydia pneumoniae. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. See also psittacosis. −chlamydial, adj. ▪ OBSERVATIONS: There may be no symptoms; when present in women, symptoms may include abnormal vaginal discharge, painful intercourse, and itching or burning in the perineal area. In men, there may be a small amount of penile discharge, painful urination, and swelling of the scrotum. ▪ INTERVENTIONS: Medical treatment consists of one of the following: doxycycline, azithromycin, erythromycin, or ofloxacin. Another important measure includes encouraging patients to refer for testing any sexual partners of the past 60 days. ▪ PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS: The health care provider should educate the patient about condom use, medications, and avoidance of sexual intercourse until drug therapy is completed and symptoms are gone.
