anabolic steroid /an′əbol″ik/ [Gk, anaballein, to build up] , any of several compounds derived from testosterone or prepared synthetically to promote general body growth, to oppose the effects of endogenous estrogen, or to promote masculinizing effects. All such compounds cause a mixed androgenic-anabolic effect. ▪ INDICATIONS: It is prescribed in the treatment of aplastic anemia, red-cell aplasia, and hemolytic anemia and in anemias associated with renal failure, myeloid metaplasia, and leukemia. ▪ CONTRAINDICATIONS: It is contraindicated for the palliation of carcinoma of the breast; in pregnancy and serious cardiac, renal, and hepatic diseases; and with known hypersensitivity. ▪ ADVERSE EFFECTS: Among the most serious adverse effects are acne, growth of facial hair, and hoarsening or deepening of the voice; other masculinizing features are common. Continued use of these compounds in women may also produce prominent musculature, hirsutism, and hypertrophy of the clitoris.
