allopurinol /al′əpyo̅o̅r″ənôl/ , a xanthine oxidase inhibitor uricosuric agent. Uricosuric medications (drugs) are substances that increase the excretion of uric acid in the urine, thus reducing the concentration of uric acid in blood plasma. In general, this effect is achieved by action on the proximal tubule of the kidney. ▪ INDICATIONS: It is prescribed in the treatment of gout and other hyperuricemic conditions. ▪ CONTRAINDICATIONS: It is not prescribed for children (except those with hyperuricemia resulting from malignancy), lactating mothers, or people suffering an acute attack of gout. Known hypersensitivity to this drug prohibits its use. ▪ ADVERSE EFFECTS: Among the most serious adverse reactions are blood dyscrasias and severe rashes and other allergic reactions. GI and ophthalmological disturbances also may occur.
