continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), a method of noninvasive or invasive ventilation assisted by a flow of air delivered at a constant pressure throughout the respiratory cycle. It is performed for patients who can initiate their own respirations but who are not able to maintain adequate arterial oxygen levels without assistance. CPAP may be given through a ventilator and endotracheal tube, through a nasal cannula, or into a hood over the patient’s head. Respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn and sleep apnea are often treated with CPAP. Portable CPAP machines are increasingly common in the home to deal with sleep apnea. Also called constant positive airway pressure, CPPB. Compare positive end-expiratory pressure.
