split Russell traction, an orthopedic mechanism that combines suspension and traction to immobilize, position, and align the lower extremities in the correction of orthopedic deformities and in the treatment of congenital hip dislocation and hip and knee contractures. Usually applied as adhesive or nonadhesive skin traction, split Russell traction uses a sling to relieve the weight of the lower extremities. The traction weights are suspended from pulley-and-rope systems at the foot and head of the patient’s bed. A jacket restraint is often incorporated to help immobilize the patient. Split Russell traction may be applied unilaterally or bilaterally. Compare Russell’s traction.
