sinusitis /sīnəsī″tis/ [L, sinus + Gk, itis, inflammation] , an inflammation of one or more paranasal sinuses. It may be a complication of an upper respiratory infection; dental infection; allergy; or change in atmospheric pressure, as in air travel or underwater swimming; or a structural defect of the nose. See also sinus surgery. ▪ OBSERVATIONS: With swelling of nasal mucous membranes, the openings from sinuses to the nose may be obstructed, resulting in an accumulation of sinus secretions that cause pressure, pain, headache, fever, and local tenderness. ▪ INTERVENTIONS: Treatment includes steam inhalations, nasal decongestants, analgesics, and, if infection is present, antibiotics. Surgery to improve drainage may be performed in the treatment of chronic sinusitis. ▪ PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS: Complications include cavernous sinus thrombosis and spread of infection to bone, brain, or meninges.
