Ruvalcaba’s syndrome /ro̅o̅′väl·kā′bäz/ [R.H. Ruvalcaba, American physician, b. 1934] , abnormal shortness of the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, hypogenitalism, and cognitive impairment of unknown cause present from birth in males. It is characterized by microcephaly, skeletal abnormalities, hypoplastic genitalia, cognitive impairment, and physical disabilities.