levobupivacaine, a local anesthetic. ▪ INDICATIONS: It is used for local and regional anesthesia, for pain management, and for continuous epidural analgesia. ▪ CONTRAINDICATIONS: Severe liver disease or known hypersensitivity to this drug contraindicates its use. It is also contraindicated in children under 12 years of age and in the elderly. ▪ ADVERSE EFFECTS: Life-threatening effects are convulsions, loss of consciousness, myocardial depression, cardiac arrest, arrhythmias, fetal bradycardia, status asthmaticus, respiratory arrest, and anaphylaxis. Other adverse effects include anxiety, restlessness, drowsiness, disorientation, tremors, shivering, bradycardia, hypotension, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, tinnitus, pupil constriction, rash, urticaria, allergic reactions, edema, burning, skin discoloration at the injection site, and tissue necrosis.
