human papillomavirus (HPV), a virus that is the cause of common warts of the hands and feet, as well as lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral, anal, and genital cavities. More than 50 types of HPV have been identified, some of which are associated with cancerous and precancerous conditions. The virus can be transmitted through sexual contact, and specific types of the virus are a precursor to cancer of the cervix. Transmission has taken place without the presence of warts, indicating that it may occur through body fluids, such as semen or cervical secretions. There is no specific cure for an HPV infection, but the virus often can be controlled by podophyllin or interferon and the warts can be removed by cryosurgery, laser treatment, or conventional surgery. A vaccine is available for young girls, boys, and women (9-26 years) that protects against four types of HPV. The optimal time for administration is at age 11 or 12.
