diverticulitis /dī′vurtik′yo͝olī″tis/ [L, diverticulare, to turn aside; Gk, itis, inflammation] , inflammation of one or more diverticula. The penetration of fecal matter through the thin-walled diverticula causes inflammation and abscess formation in the tissues surrounding the colon. With repeated inflammation the lumen of the colon narrows and may become obstructed. Compare diverticulosis. ▪ OBSERVATIONS: During periods of inflammation the patient experiences crampy pain, particularly over the sigmoid colon; fever; and leukocytosis. Barium enemas and proctoscopy are used to rule out carcinoma of the colon, which exhibits some of the same symptoms. ▪ INTERVENTIONS: Conservative treatment includes rest, IV fluids, antibiotics, and abstaining from eating and drinking. In acute cases bowel resection of the affected part greatly reduces mortality and morbidity rates. ▪ PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS: A high-fiber diet and the avoidance of red meats can decrease the development of diverticula and inflammation leading to diverticulits.
